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Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Surgery

eMedicine — Overview: Snoring, excessive daytime somnolence, restless sleep, and apnea are manifestations of sleep-disordered breathing, which has plagued society for centuries. Recent understanding of the pathophysiology related to these problems has led to ...More…

Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Prosthetic Management

eMedicine — Overview: And Physiology Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), with its associated medical problems, places an enormous financial burden on society. Because of the prevalence of this condition, cost-effective management is essential. Fortunately, a ...More…

Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Physiologic Approach

eMedicine — Overview: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses a spectrum of disorders with implications in many fields of medicine. In its most recognizable and ubiquitous form, SDB is represented by snoring. On occasion, snoring is totally benign, a ...More…

Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, CPAP

eMedicine — Overview: Upper airway obstruction occurring during sleep (ie, sleep-disordered breathing [SDB]) was first demonstrated in the 1960s. SDB represents a group of physiopathologic conditions that are characterized by an abnormal respiratory pattern ...More…

Sleep Apnea

eMedicine — Overview: Childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by episodic upper airway obstruction that occurs during sleep. The airway obstruction may be complete or partial. In contrast to simple snoring, OSA is accompanied by ...More…

Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

eMedicine — Overview: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) is characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse and obstruction during sleep. These episodes of obstruction are associated with recurrent oxyhemoglobin desaturations and arousals ...More…

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

eMedicine — Overview: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome was described more than a century ago. However, OSA in children was first recognized in the 1970s. OSA is a common, but underdiagnosed, condition in children that may lead to substantial ... Staff ...More…

Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder

eMedicine — Overview: The term breathing-related sleep disorder refers to a spectrum of breathing anomalies ranging from chronic or habitual snoring to upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) to frank obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or, in some cases, obesity ...More…

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

eMedicine — Overview: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder that involves cessation or significant decrease in airflow in the presence of breathing effort. OSA is a sleep disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway (UA) collapse ...More…

Somnambulism (Sleep Walking)

eMedicine — Overview: Somnambulism (ie, sleepwalking) is a disorder of arousal that falls under the parasomnia group. Parasomnias are undesirable motor, verbal, or experiential events that occur during sleep. These phenomena occur as primary sleep events or ...More…

Sleep Stage Scoring: - eMedicine Neurology

eMedicine — Overview: This article is based on the rules of the definitive sleep scoring manual (Rechtschaffen and Kales). For situations not defined by Rechtschaffen and Kales, other expert polysomnographers have developed logical rules, which are presented ...More…

Sleep Disorder, Geriatric

eMedicine — Overview: Sleep disorders are commonly underdiagnosed and a significant source of concern in the geriatric population.1 Several diverse factors may contribute to sleep disturbances in a large proportion of the elderly. These contributing factors ...More…