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Antisepsis and Sterilization
Healthline — During much of the nineteenth century, both the medical community and the general public believed that wound infections and fevers were caused by foul emanations, or miasmata-poisons produced by rotting animal and vegetable material, soil, and ...More…
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Alcohol Use and Abuse
Healthline — Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is the most commonly used drug in the world. Pharmacologically, alcohol is classified as a central nervous system depressant. Like other depressants, in small doses alcohol slows heart rate and respiration, decreases ...More…
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Addiction and Habituation
Healthline — Although there is no definition of "addiction" that is universally accepted, in general, addiction refers to a physiological and psychological dependency on a drug. While some drugs of abuse induce physiological addiction, others do not. ...More…
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Acute Respiratory Diseases
Healthline — Most acute respiratory diseases are viral infections. They may be complicated by bacterial superinfections in which a bacterial infection develops after a viral infection. In such a situation, however, an illness would be of longer duration and ...More…
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Arteriosclerosis
Healthline — The term arteriosclerosis is used to describe several cardiovascular diseases, including those involving the blood vessels. In this instance, the arteries become hardened and blood vessels lose their "elastic" effect. Arteriosclerosis can begin ...More…
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Alcohol and Health
Healthline — Alcohol is a central-nervous-system depressant that affects judgment, coordination, and inhibition. Mild alcohol intoxication causes a relaxed and carefree feeling, as well as the loss of inhibitions. After several drinks a person will exhibit ...More…
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Addiction, Food
Healthline — Food addiction is a nonmedical term that refers to a compulsion to eat specific foods, usually those that are high in sugar or starch. Although this term is used to describe intense cravings to seek out specific foods, these foods are not, in and ...More…
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Autoimmune Disease Tests
Healthline — Autoimmune disease tests are screening procedures used in the diagnosis of immune system disorders and other disease states to detect autoantibodies, which are antibodies produced against the body's own tissues. Hundreds of different ...More…
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Alcoholic Paralysis
Healthline — Alcohol paralysis, or alcohol-related neurological disease, is an umbrella term for a wide variety of nervous system disorders that are directly caused by the ingestion of toxic amounts of alcohol. Alcohol, or ethanol, has long-demonstrated ...More…
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Autonomic Dysfunction
Healthline — Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known as dysautonomia. The autonomic nervous system regulates unconscious body functions, including heart rate, blood pressure, temperature regulation, gastrointestinal secretion, and metabolic ...More…